- A Selective Akt Inhibitor Produces Hypotension and Bradycardia in Conscious Rats Due to Inhibition of the Autonomic Nervous System
Akt is a serine-threonine kinase that is amplified in a variety of human cancers, and as with other anticancer agents, some Akt inhibitors have produced functional cardiovascular effects such as marke
Friday, January 20, 2012
- CORRIGENDUM
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Rat-Specific Decreases in Platelet Count Caused by a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Against Sclerostin
LY2541546 is a humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4) that has been optimized for neutralizing activity against sclerostin. In 5-week and 6-month nonclinical safety studies in rats, LY2541546 caused dos
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Doxorubicin Increases Oxidative Metabolism in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes as Shown by 13C Metabolic Flux Analysis
Doxorubicin (DXR), an anticancer drug, is limited in its use due to severe cardiotoxic effects. These effects are partly caused by disturbed myocardial energy metabolism. We analyzed the effects of th
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Exacerbation of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by the Anthelmentic Drug Fenbendazole
Fenbendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug widely used to prevent or treat nematode infections in laboratory rodent colonies. Potential interactions between fenbendazole and hepatotoxicants su
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Modulation of Estrogen Receptor {alpha}-Mediated Gene Regulation by a Multimeric Chromatin Complex Involving the Two Receptors and the Coregulator RIP140
Although crosstalk between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen receptor α (ERα) is well established, the mechanistic basis and involvement of other proteins in this process are no
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Divergent Electrocardiographic Responses to Whole and Particle-Free Diesel Exhaust Inhalation in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Diesel exhaust (DE) is a major contributor to traffic-related fine particulate matter (PM)2.5. Although inroads have been made in understanding the mechanisms of PM-related health effects, DE’s
Friday, January 20, 2012
- 2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo[4,5-f]Quinoline (IQ) Promotes Mouse Hepatocarcinogenesis by Activating Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} and Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Signaling Pathways
The purposes of the present study were to investigate the modifying effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), a genotoxic carcinogen produced during cooking of protein-rich foods, and e
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Selective Activation of Zebrafish Estrogen Receptor Subtypes by Chemicals by Using Stable Reporter Gene Assay Developed in a Zebrafish Liver Cell Line
The number of environmental chemical contaminants suspected to act as endocrine disruptor compounds by interacting with estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathway has been continuously increasing. To st
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Analysis of Aberrant Methylation in DNA Repair Genes During Malignant Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Induced by Cadmium
Cadmium (Cd) and its compounds are well-known human carcinogens, but the mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis are not entirely understood yet. Aberrant methylation was investigated in order to obt
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Dickkopf 1 Mediates Glucocorticoid-Induced Changes in Human Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Glucocorticoids (GC) are critical for normal development of the fetal brain, and alterations in their levels can induce neurotoxicity with detrimental consequences. Still, there is little information
Friday, January 20, 2012
- SUBSCRIPTIONS
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Identification of Urinary microRNA Profiles in Rats That May Diagnose Hepatotoxicity
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as novel noninvasive biomarkers for several diseases and other types of tissue injury. This study tested the hypothesis that changes in the levels of urinar
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Bioactivation versus Detoxication of the Urothelial Carcinogen Aristolochic Acid I by Human Cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2
Exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) is associated with human nephropathy and urothelial cancer. Individual susceptibility to AA-induced disease likely reflects individual differences in enzymes that me
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Accelerating the Development of 21st-Century Toxicology: Outcome of a Human Toxicology Project Consortium Workshop
The U.S. National Research Council (NRC) report on "Toxicity Testing in the 21st century" calls for a fundamental shift in the way that chemicals are tested for human health effects and evaluated in r
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Epigenetic Alterations in Sperm DNA Associated with Testicular Cancer Treatment
DNA methylation, a key component of the epigenome involved in regulating gene expression, is initially acquired in the germ line at millions of sites across the genome. Altered sperm methylation patte
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Aerosolized ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Toxicity in Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface
The majority of in vitro studies characterizing the impact of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) on cells that line the respiratory tract were conducted in cells exposed to NPs in suspension. This approac
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Parallel Biotransformation of Tetrabromobisphenol A in Xenopus laevis and Mammals: Xenopus as a Model for Endocrine Perturbation Studies
The flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a high production flame retardant that interferes with thyroid hormone (TH) signaling. Despite its rapid metabolism in mammals, TBBPA is found in s
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Cypermethrin Induces Astrocyte Apoptosis by the Disruption of the Autocrine/Paracrine Mode of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
Cypermethrin is reported to affect astrocytes in rat brain; however, its mechanism of action is obscure. Here, we observed an increase in apoptosis in the cortical astrocytes upon treatment of rats wi
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Interfere With Zinc Ion Homeostasis to Cause Cytotoxicity
The toxicological effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are attracting increasing concern as the field of nanotechnology progresses. Although the literature suggests that toxicity of ZnO-NPs m
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Subchronic Polychlorinated Biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) Exposure Produces Oxidative Damage and Neuronal Death of Ventral Midbrain Dopaminergic Systems
Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a link between organochlorine and pesticide exposure to an enhanced risk for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). A common
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Lentiviral-Mediated RNAi Knockdown Yields a Novel Mouse Model for Studying Cyp2b Function
There are few in vivo knockout models available to study the function of Cyp2 members involved in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous chemicals. These models may help provide insight into the c
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Arsenic Exposure to Killifish During Embryogenesis Alters Muscle Development
Epidemiological studies have correlated arsenic exposure in drinking water with adverse developmental outcomes such as stillbirths, spontaneous abortions, neonatal mortality, low birth weight, delays
Friday, January 20, 2012
- The Role of MAPK and Nrf2 Pathways in Ketanserin-Elicited Attenuation of Cigarette Smoke-Induced IL-8 Production in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic airway inflammation as a key feature. Blockade of serotonin receptor 2A (5-HTR2A) with ketanserin
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Genomic Biomarkers of Phthalate-Induced Male Reproductive Developmental Toxicity: A Targeted RT-PCR Array Approach for Defining Relative Potency
Male rat fetuses exposed to certain phthalate esters (PEs) during sexual differentiation display reproductive tract malformations due to reductions in testosterone (T) production and the expression of
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Mixed Inhibition of Adenosine Deaminase Activity by 1,3-Dinitrobenzene: A Model for Understanding Cell-Selective Neurotoxicity in Chemically-Induced Energy Deprivation Syndromes in Brain
Astrocytes are acutely sensitive to 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB) while adjacent neurons are relatively unaffected, consistent with other chemically-induced energy deprivation syndromes. Previous studi
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Aberrant Expression of miR-638 Contributes to Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Human Cell Transformation
Identification of aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression during chemical carcinogen–induced cell transformation will lead to a better understanding of the substantial role of miRNAs in cancer deve
Friday, January 20, 2012
- An NF-{kappa}B-Independent and Erk1/2-Dependent Mechanism Controls CXCL8/IL-8 Responses of Airway Epithelial Cells to Cadmium
Airway epithelial cells in the lung are the first line of defense against pathogens and environmental pollutants. Inhalation of the environmental pollutant cadmium has been linked to the development o
Friday, January 20, 2012
- Transcriptomic Concentration-Response Evaluation of Valproic Acid, Cyproconazole, and Hexaconazole in the Neural Embryonic Stem Cell Test (ESTn)
Alternative developmental toxicity assays are urgently needed to reduce animal use in regulatory developmental toxicology. We previously designed an in vitro murine neural embryonic stem cell test (ES
Friday, January 20, 2012
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
Friday, January 20, 2012
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