ToXchange Individuals and organizations are welcome to submit information about publications related to toxicology or related sciences for inclusion in the listings on this page. Listings are reviewed for appropriateness before posting, but a listing of a publication on this page does not indicate an endorsement or recommendation by SOT.
Elsevier Open-Access Articles
Nearly 60 papers featuring SOT members as authors have been made available for free to the SOT membership through a special arrangment with publisher Elsevier. Thank you to the following Editors-in-Chief (EIC) for curating this exclusive collection of toxicology papers for the SOT membership: Lesa L. Aylward, PhD, and Martin van den Berg, PhD, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology; Pamela J. Lein, PhD, and Remco H. S. Westerink, PhD, Neurotoxicology; Anna Bal-Price, PhD, and former EIC Thomas B. Knudsen, PhD, Reproductive Toxicology; Kendall B. Wallace, PhD, DABT, ATS, Toxicology; and Wolfgang Dekant, Dr rer Nat, Dr med habil, Toxicology Letters.
Discounts for SOT Members on Scientific Journals
- Human and Ecological Risk Assessment—$45 subscription to the print and online versions of the journal available to all SOT members
- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology—$120 subscription available to all SOT members.
Other Publications of Interest
4th Edition of the Handbook on the Toxicology of MetalsBy Gunnar F. Nordberg, Bruce A. Fowler, and Monica Nordberg
Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 4th Edition bridges the established knowledgebase and new advances in metal toxicology to provide one essential reference for all those involved in the field. This book includes comprehensive coverage of basic toxicological data and emphasizes the toxic effects in humans, but also discusses toxic effects in animals and biological systems in vitro whenever relevant. The thoroughly updated 4th Edition has been divided into two volumes. Volume I covers “General Considerations,” and Volume II is devoted to “Specific Metals.” A peer-reviewed resource with contributions from internationally-recognized experts, the 4th Edition of the Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals is a prominent and indispensable reference for toxicologists, physicians, pharmacologists, engineers, and all those involved in the toxicity of metals.
By R.O. McClellan, T.W. Hesterberg, and J.C. Wall
Diesel engines, a special type of internal combustion engine, use heat of compression, rather than electric spark, to ignite hydrocarbon fuels injected into the combustion chamber. Diesel engines have high thermal efficiency and, thus, high fuel efficiency. They are widely used in commerce prompting continuous improvement in diesel engines and fuels. Concern for health effects from exposure to diesel exhaust arose in the mid-1900s and stimulated development of emissions regulations and research to improve the technology and characterize potential health hazards. This included epidemiological, controlled human exposure, laboratory animal, and mechanistic studies to evaluate potential hazards of whole diesel exhaust. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (1989) classified whole diesel exhaust as “probably carcinogenic to humans.” This classification stimulated even more stringent regulations for particulate matter that required further technological developments. These included improved engine control, improved fuel injection system, enhanced exhaust cooling, use of ultra low sulfur fuel, wall-flow high-efficiency exhaust particulate filters, exhaust catalysts, and crankcase ventilation filtration. The composition of New Technology Diesel Exhaust (NTDE) is qualitatively different, and the concentrations of particulate constituents are more than 90% lower than for Traditional Diesel Exhaust (TDE). The authors recommend that future reviews of carcinogenic hazards of diesel exhaust evaluate NTDE separately from TDE.
Product Stewardship and Science: Safe Manufacture and Use of Fiber Glass
By T.W. Hesterberg, R. Anderson, D. M. Bernstein, W. B. Bunn, G. A. Chase, G. M. Marsh, A.L. Jankousky, and R. O. McClellan
This paper describes a proactive product stewardship program for glass fibers. That effort included epidemiological studies of workers, establishment of stringent workplace exposure limits, liaison with customers on safe use of products, and, most importantly, a research program to evaluate the safety of existing glass fiber products and guide development of new even safer products. Chronic inhalation exposure bioassays were conducted with rodents and hamsters. Amosite and crocidolite asbestos produced respiratory tract cancers, as did exposure to “biopersistent” synthetic vitreous fibers. “Less biopersistent” glass fibers did not cause respiratory tract cancers. Corollary studies demonstrated the role of slow fiber dissolution rates and biopersistence in cancer induction. These results guided development of safer glass fiber products and have been used in Europe to regulate fibers and by IARC and NTP in classifying fibers. IARC concluded special purpose fibers and refractory ceramic fibers are “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” and insulation glass wool, continuous glass filament, rock wool, and slag wool are “not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to human.” The NTP’s 12th Report on Carcinogens lists “Certain Glass Wool Fibers (Inhalable)” as “reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.” “Certain” in the descriptor refers to “biopersistent” glass fibers and excludes “less biopersistent” glass fibers.
By Committee on Research Universities; Board on Higher Education and Workforce; Policy and Global Affairs; National Research Council
Research Universities and the Future of America presents critically important strategies for ensuring that our nation's research universities contribute strongly to America's prosperity, security, and national goals. Widely considered the best in the world, US research universities today confront significant financial pressures, important advances in technology, a changing demographic landscape, and increased international competition. This report provides a course of action for ensuring US universities continue to produce the knowledge, ideas, and talent the country needs to be a global leader in the 21st century.
Risk Assessment for Human Metal Exposures: Mode of Action and Kinetic Approaches
By Gunnar F. Nordberg and Bruce A. Fowler
This concise book (320 pages, copyright year 2019) by Gunnar F. Nordberg and Bruce A. Fowler, summarizes current principles of risk assessment as applied to human metal exposures. Focusing on Mode of Action (MOA), Toxicokinetic (TK), Toxicodynamic (TD) and Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOP), it summarizes available data relevant for risk assessment of 14 metallic elements and their compounds and examines to what extent MOA, TKTD, and AOP modeling have been used in risk assessments published by various authorities. It further demonstrates how epidemiological data can be confirmed and evaluated by the examined models and considerations. Written by pioneers in the field, this book is an essential reference for researches, students and technicians in toxicology and risk assessment.
Enter code BIOMED318 for 30 percent discount on list price.
Twenty-First Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels: Part A
By Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels; Committee on Toxicology; Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology; Division of Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council
Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fire, or accidents involving railroad cars or trucks transporting EHSs, or they can be released intentionally through terrorist activities. These substances can also be released by improper storage or handling. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental or intentional releases.
Twenty-First Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels: Part B
By Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels; Committee on Toxicology; Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology; Division of Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council
In 1991, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) asked the US National Research Council (NRC) to provide technical guidance for establishing community emergency exposure levels for extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. In response to that request, the NRC published Guidelines for Developing Community Emergency Exposure Levels for Hazardous Substances in 1993. Subsequently, Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances was published in 2001; it provided updated procedures, methods, and other guidelines used by the National Advisory Committee (NAC) on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for hazardous substances for assessing acute adverse health effects.
Zero – Much to Do About Nothing?
By Jim E. Riviere, DVM, PhDZero – Much to Do About Nothing? is a thought-provoking work that delves into the complexities of defining “zero” in various fields, from mathematics and physics to pharmacology and food safety. Drawing on his extensive experience in teaching, research and managing a USDA-supported chemical food safety program, Jim E. Riviere provides readers with practical examples and case studies that highlight the challenges of defining “zero” in different contexts across a wide range of fields. In his four decades of university teaching, doing research in pharmacology, toxicology, biomathematics and nanoscience, Dr. Riviere has repeatedly encountered the concept of “zero” and the broad parameters utilized to achieve a proper definition. "Zero” enters when discussions concern defining "nothing", "negligible", "very small", "below level of detection", "absence of effect" or "safe". This renders the term “zero” incredibly confusing to scientists, practitioners and regulators.
This book explores the origin of the concept of “zero” in mathematics, physics, chemistry and statistics and how these concepts migrated to fields such as pharmacology, toxicology, cancer research and food safety, as well as to the legal profession in the form of regulatory science and policy. Specific chapters deal with the application of “zero” to these distinct fields. The main focus throughout the book is to illustrate how important context is to the definition of “zero”. This has assumed greater relevance today with the advent of nanoscience where “small” implies different physical and chemical behavior and the use of artificial Intelligence to analyze vast troves of data from the web. The goal of the book is to provide much-needed clarity about "zero" and break down the many issues preventing it. Riviere expertly explains how the concept of “zero” is essential to a wide range of issues, from defining negligible amounts of a substance to determining the safety of a product or process. He shows how the term “zero” can have different meanings in different fields and how this can lead to confusion and misunderstandings among scientists, practitioners and regulators. Whether you're working in Food Safety, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Mathematics, Physics or beyond, Zero – Much to Do About Nothing? is a relatable book that will deepen your understanding of the concept of “zero” and its diverse applications.